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Jun 1, 2021
In order to overcome the above shortcomings, the commonly used method is to modify its chemical structure. Modification methods include acylation modification, epoxy compound modification, formation of quaternary ammonium salt, etc. Organic silicon quaternary ammonium salt makes the nitrogen atom positively charged When used in fabric treatment to reduce oxidized energy and prevent yellowing, organosilicon quaternary ammonium salts are combined with fibers in two ways: one is that the positive center N in the molecule is attracted by the negatively charged fiber surface. This is a kind of electrostatic bonding. At the same time, molecular dehydration condensation is carried out to form a covering film on the surface of the fiber: another way is to combine the alcohol groups produced by the hydrolysis with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the fiber at a high temperature of 120"C. Intermolecular dehydration and condensation make the molecules firmly bond to the fiber surface with covalent bonds. Therefore, in practical applications, silicone quaternary ammonium salts simultaneously use covalent bonds and electrostatic adsorption.
Principle of Friction Coefficient.Used in various oils (including and wool oil) before the fabric stage, mainly to reduce the coefficient of friction between fibers and fibers, fibers and machinery (metal), and at the same time, it is accompanied by antistatic and improving fiber bundling (cohesion) , High-speed spinning must be resistant to high temperatures. When the fiber and the fiber are in contact with the fiber in a static state, the friction coefficient related to the minimum thrust that makes the fiber start to move is called the static friction coefficient (center); when the fiber is sliding at a constant speed, it continues The coefficient of friction required for sliding is called the coefficient of dynamic friction. The smaller the static and dynamic friction coefficients of the fibers, the easier it is to start sliding between the fibers, or the smaller the force required to continue sliding on the already sliding: reduce the dynamic friction coefficient ( p.) The order is: mineral oil>polyethylene glycol nonionic>anion>polyol nonionic>cation (including amphoteric). Under high-speed and strong force, the dynamic friction coefficient of mineral oil is the smallest, but the static friction coefficient is higher. Therefore, add A machine with mineral oil as a smoothing agent consumes a lot of functions from a static state to the beginning of sliding when starting. After starting, the function gradually decreases and tends to be normal. This shows that the static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient of mineral oil are supposed to be in Mineral oil is also added in the fiber pThe larger the negative value, the smoother the hand feel, so most of the commonly used softeners are cationic (or amphoteric), followed by polyol non-ionic; when 4A>0, it is positive, and the greater the value of A. The better the effect, the better it is attached to the fabric. When the fabrics slide on each other, there will be a "sand" sound. The μ of polyethylene glycol non-ionic surfactant is higher, and the μs is lower. You can choose a compound silk woofer; anionic softener The coefficient of dynamic friction is low, which can reduce the The coefficient of dynamic friction between fabrics, fabrics and metals can be selected as softeners in the bath. Also known as Yuzhongbao. At the same time, as Yuzhongbao, there are special water-soluble polymer compounds. The amount is very small, which can effectively reduce the textile The coefficient of dynamic friction in the bath to prevent wrinkled chicken paw prints in the dye bath is now widely used.
softener:The hydrophilic group of the softener is the same as the conventional surfactant, including cationic, amphoteric, nonionic and anionic; the same-hydrophobic group, different hydrophilic groups have different soft and smooth properties. This is because different hydrophilic groups reduce the static friction coefficient of the fiber differently (Figure 2); the same is an anionic softener, higher fatty alcohol sulfate ester fatty alcohol phosphate ester, dioctadecyl sulfosuccinate The properties of phosphate are different. Phosphoric acid esters have good antistatic properties. Dioctadecyl sulfosuccinate has a better hand feeling. It is like the Sapamine cationic series N-diethylethylenediamine fatty acid amide. Its chemical structure is : Mineral oil includes paraffin, liquid paraffin, white oil, spindle oil, etc. Although it is not a surfactant, they are all straight-chain alkanes, which have good smoothness, and need to add emulsifying and dispersing agents when used. Such as polyethylene glycol Non-ionic surfactants, Pingping 0 series, AEO series, anionic surfactants, such as ethanolamine soap of sulfonated oil, oleic acid soap, etc., are mainly used to make mineral oil have excellent self-emulsification ability in water. Oil emulsion, and the emulsion is stable without stratification. This type of product is mainly used to reduce the coefficient of dynamic friction, for spinning drafting, reel, spinning, weaving, and wool spinning. The product can self-emulsify Two kinds of oils and emulsions. With the development of polyether-type nonionic surfactants, many oils and crude oils have got rid of mineral oil, but are compounded with a variety of surfactants. The early softener 101 is A thick paste emulsified body of paraffinic stearic acid and white oil. The emulsifier uses flat plus 0. The softener 101 is widely used in the softening and finishing of cotton fabrics. It can also be used as a raising agent for cotton fabrics...